高中英语中，句子结构复杂多样，但基本上都包含主语、谓语和宾语。以下是一些常见的句子结构及其特点：

1. 简单句：只有一个主语和一个谓语。

例如：I love English.

2. 并列句：有两个或以上的主语和谓语，用连词连接。

例如：I love English, and she loves math.

3. 复合句：由主句和从句组成，从句可以是名词性从句、形容词性从句或副词性从句。

例如：He said that he was tired. (名词性从句)

The book, which was written by a famous author, is very interesting. (形容词性从句)

I will study hard so that I can get a good grade. (副词性从句)

4. 倒装句：将谓语动词提到主语之前，或将助动词或情态动词提到主语之前。

例如：Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. (部分倒装)

Not only does he play basketball well, but also he excels in football. (全部倒装)

5. 强调句：通过强调某个词或短语来表达强烈的感情或重要的意义。

例如：It was John who won the first prize. (强调主语)

I did finish my homework last night. (强调谓语)

总之，理解句子结构是理解英语语法的基础，能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读材料，提高听、说、读、写能力。