(1)一般现在时

定义：表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

标志词：频度副词 - always, usually, often, sometimes, every day等。

结构：

1.主语+be+名词/形容词

I am a student.

否定句：在be后加not

I am not a student.

疑问句：be提到句首

Are you a student？

2.主语+动词+其他

He goes to the park on Monday.

否定句：主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他

He doesn't go to the park on Monday.

疑问句：在句首加上do或者does

Does he go to the park on Monday?

一般现在时的构成

1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English. 我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

(2)一般过去时

定义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

标志词：过去时间 - yesterday, ago, last year等。

结构：

主语+动词过去式

He went to the market.

否定句：在动词前加didn't，动词恢复原形；在be后加not

He didn't go to the market.

疑问句：在句前加did，或将be提到句首

Did he go to the market?

动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：

A、规则动词

①一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study–studied carry–carried worry–worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)

小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：

sing–sang , eat–ate ,see–saw , have–had ,

do–did , go–went , take–took , buy–bought ,

get–got , read–read ,fly–flew , am/is–was ,

are–were , say–said , leave–left , swim–swam ,

tell–told , draw–drew , come–came , lose–lost ,

find–found , drink–drank , hurt–hurt , feel–felt

(3)一般将来时

定义：1.表示计划或打算做某事；2.将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

标志词：将来时间 - tomorrow, this afternoon, next week等。

结构：

1.主语+be going to+动词原形

She is going to ride a horse.

否定句：在be后加not

She is not going to ride a horse.

疑问句：将be提到句首

Is she going to ride a horse?

2.主语+will+动词原形

I will go to the library.

否定句：在will后加not，或缩写为won't

I will not go to the library.

疑问句：将will提到句首

Will you go to the library?

基本结构：

①be going to + do;  ②will+ do. be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.

(4)现在进行时

定义：表示目前正在发生的动作或存在的状态。

标志词：提示语 - look, listen, now等。

结构：

主语+be+现在分词+其他

They are reading English.

否定句：在be后加not

They are not reading English.

疑问句：将be提到句首

Are they reading English?

回答：Yes, they are./No, they aren't.

am,is,are+动词现在分词

动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：

①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working ,

②以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing

③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting